F. Cassez, J. Dubreil, H. Marchand. Dynamic Observers for the Synthesis of Opaque Systems. In 7th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'09), Z. Liu, A.P. Ravn (eds.), LNCS, Volume 5799, Pages 352-367, Macao SAR, China, October 2009.
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In this paper, we address the problem of synthesizing opaque systems. A secret predicate S over the runs of a system G is opaque to an external user having partial observability over G, if s/he can never infer from the observation of a run of G that the run belongs to S. We first investigate the case of static partial observability where the set of events the user can observe is fixed a priori. In this context, we show that checking whether a system is opaque is PSPACE-complete, which implies that computing an optimal static observer ensuring opacity is also a PSPACE-complete problem. Next, we introduce dynamic partial observability where the set of events the user can observe changes over time. We show how to check that a system is opaque w.r.t. to a dynamic observer and also address the corresponding synthesis problem: given a system G and secret states S, compute the set of dynamic observers under which S is opaque. Our main result is that the set of such observers can be finitely represented and can be computed in EXPTIME
Jérémy Dubreil
Hervé Marchand http://www.irisa.fr/prive/hmarchan
@InProceedings{atva09,
Author = {Cassez, F. and Dubreil, J. and Marchand, H.},
Title = {Dynamic Observers for the Synthesis of Opaque Systems},
BookTitle = {7th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'09)},
editor = {Liu, Z. and Ravn, A.P.},
Volume = { 5799},
Pages = {352--367},
Series = {LNCS},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Address = {Macao SAR, China},
Month = {October},
Year = {2009}
}
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